Steam-turbine.



P. LJUNGSTRM. STEAM TURB'NB.

APPLICATION FILED FBBA, 1913.

wlmfsss: l :Neuron ITTUBNEYS P. LJUNGSTRM.

STEAM TURBINB. APPLICATION FILED E'EBA, 19'13.

WITNESSES: [NVE/(TUR f @MM M Patented sept. 30, 1913.

' Lettere.

Hitherto it has been usual to admit the the chambers at the heating ofthe turbine,

by the wear ofthe tightening rings in such UMTED STATES frATENT orrion.

FEDRIK LJUNGSTRM, 0F STOCKHOLM,

LJUNG'sTRMs NGTURBIN,

SWEDEN, ASSIGNOR TO AK'IIEBOlIAGE'l.1

OF LILJEHOLMEN, SWEDEN.

STEAM-TURBIN E.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application med February 4,

l Patented Sept. 30, 1 913. 1913. serial No. 746,168.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, FREDRIK LJUNos'rnM, a subject of the King of Sweden,residing at 2 Drottningholmsvgen, Stockholm, in the Kingdom Aof Sweden,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Turbines, o fwhich the following is a specification.

ln steam turbines, especially radial turbines with wheels rotating inopposite direct-ions, the steam is led into hollow cham-" bers which'are arranged laterally of the rotary wheels and which surround theshafts.-

steam through tubes which open laterally in the said chambers. As,however, the steam, when so admitted, causes unequal heating of forinstance at the starting, especially when super-heated steam isemployed, because those parts ofthe chambers which are situated nearestto the inletplace obtain the highest temperature, the disadvantagearisesthat the chambers are set obliquely, whereby the spaces inthelabyrinth and shaft-tightenings supported by said chambers areincreased a manner that they will be suited to proper working.

The present invention has for its object to avoid the said disadvantage.This .is attained by -distributing the steam in the chambers by means ofspecial distributing organs, whereby` a uniform heating of the chamberis obtained.

Some embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanyingdrawings.

Figure 1 shows one of these partly in side elevation and partly inlongitudinal section. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line A -B ofFig. 1. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 show three other embodiments in cross-section.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a indicates the turbinecasing, b the steam admitting tubes and c the chambers to which thesteam is admitted and which are placed laterally of the turbine wheels(not shown), which are concentrically arranged between the chambers.Said chambers support as usual the labyrinthand shaftspacking a, whichare separate parts secured to the said chambers, having an annular spaceor Vinterval'betweenr-them. Each of the chambers c comprises a steamlreceiving'compartment (fand a steanllischarge compartment greater thanis r2, which are divided by an annular partition e, the latter beingarranged radially (as shown 1n Figs. .1 and 2) in a plane at rightangles to the axis of the turbine. The tubes communicate withcompartmentc approximately at diametrically opposite points of 1tsperiphery and the partition e is provided with openings' d in theintervals between the said tubes, near the middle'of such intervals.This arrangement of tubes and openings insures an equal distribution ofthesteam'in the various parts of the chamber, as indicated by thearrows, Figs. 1 and 2, thus securing equal heating and expansion of allpartsof the chamber and the retention ofV its normal 'shape andposition.' Compartment c2 has a central `outlet f throughwhich the steamiows to the turbine disks. Within the compartment c there is furtherprovided a compartment c3 -for the overloading steam, said compartmentvcommunicating with the'intermediate blade rings by means of tubes g,said tubes discharging in'to the annular interval or spacebeforementioned on the inner face of the wall of said chamber, betweentheshaft packing and the labyrinth packing n. By means of the openings7L which are closed by valves z' the compartment will in communicationwith c', whereby theA high pressure steam may be introduced in 'thelower steps or stages of the procedure,

by passing through said central outlet or discharge opening f with thesteam of ord# nary pressure. It will be understood that c3 may be put atthe desired effect 'can be substantially obtained even by admitting thesteam through i two or more tubes b which are arranged symmetrically oralmost symmetrically. In

this case the partition e can be omitted.'

In the modification illustrated by Fig. 3'

the annular partit-ion e of each'phamber is not arranged radially onedge as in Figs. 1 and 2 but has the form of a cylinder parallel to theaxis of the turbine. l

In the modification shown in Fig/1 the compartment c2 `is omitted. The.`tube opens into this 4moidigation in a tube c placed in the compartmentc andv provided with hole's Z. By this tube a uniform distribution ofthe steam inthe compartment o is effected.

11i-the modificati@ 'amen in Fig. 5 the `tube lc is placed outsidethe/chamber' "o and y comgnunicates with this latterthrough the 110tubes m. Even in this modification there is effected a uniformdistributionof the steam in the compartment c. l

Having now described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect byLetters Patl. A turbine inlet chamber provided with a partition dividingit into two compartments, onev of which connects with av dischargeopening, the other with a steam inlet,

the said partition being adapted to permit the passage of steam atdivers points for distributing it uniformly through said chamber.

2. A 4turbine inlet chamber adapted to support packing rings and dividedby a partition` into two compartments, in combina- 'two' compartmentsdivided by a partition, in

tion with an inlet tube supplying` steam to one of said compartments andthe other of said compartments communicating ,with a discharge opening,the said partition being provided with openings communicating withdifferent parts of the latter compartment for distributin thesteamwithin said chamber. 3. A tur ine inlet chamber consisting'ofcombination with two inlet tubes communieating with one of said`compartments at approximately opposite points of their circumferenceand with a partition dividing said compartments from each other, butprovided with o enings inthe intervals between said pipes ordistributing steam in vsaid. chamber.

4. A turbine inlet chamber provided with a perforated partition fordistributing steam uniformly through said chamber anda supplementalchamber normally discharging independently, but provided with means foropening communication at will between it and the former chamber.

5. A steam chamber adapted to support two sets of packing ringsconcentrically ar- Y.

communication between compartmentc"3 and 55 compartment for the purposeset forth.

In testimony whereof I have'aiiixed my signature in presence of 4twowitnesses..

FREDRIKLJUNGSTRM. Witnesses:

FREDRIK CRUNNAnnonn, GUSTA Prince.

